New research reveals lacking social connections can be deadly: People reporting loneliness and isolation had greater odds of dying prematurely.
A 12-year study of over 450,000 adults found all measures of loneliness increased mortality risk.
- From living alone to rarely seeing friends, social disconnection took a toll.
- Loneliness disrupts sleep, causes inflammation tied to disease, increases the risk of heart disease and Parkinson’s, and deprives people of practical health support from social connections.
- Loneliness may also harm mental health.
“It is hard to think of a health condition that is not impacted by loneliness,” —Carla Perissinotto, MD, University of California, San Francisco
Why It Matters
Loneliness and social isolation are linked to earlier death, highlighting the need to prioritize social connections for long-term health.
“This uncomfortable, distressful feeling of being lonely over time has a negative effect. You are in a state of stress, and over time this can increase vulnerability to disease.” —Antonio Terracciano, PhD, a professor in geriatrics at Florida State University College of Medicine
The big picture: With loneliness epidemic levels due to factors like aging populations, studies signal this public health issue requires urgent attention on par with smoking or obesity.
A Closer Look
The most significant risk was for people who were never visited by family and friends—a 39% increase in risk of death during the study period compared with those with daily visits.
- Those who had at least monthly friend and family visits had a lower risk of dying, but seeing them more often didn’t appear to add benefit.
In practice: People have assorted preferences for how they want to socialize. The number of social connections isn’t the goal—the quality of those relationships matters.
“Is it someone that is going to be there even if nothing is needed, will sit with you, and you can be comfortable because you have complete trust in them? That is a perception that makes such a difference.” —Louise Hawkley, PhD, University of Chicago
What's next: Researchers want to understand better how quality connections, not just quantity, may benefit health. Can interventions aimed at combating loneliness boost longevity?
The takeaway
Social health impacts overall health, like diet and exercise. As social animals, making time for meaningful social activities can be life-extending.
1 big idea: Isolating ourselves to recharge often fits the bill. The significant risk of loneliness shows up when we neglect social connections.
Reduce your risk of loneliness
Hearing loss is gradual and not benign. Untreated, it increases your risk of social isolation, depression, falling, and dementia.
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